Denosumab (Prolia)

What is Prolia?
Prolia contains denosumab, a protein that interferes with the role of another protein to treat bone loss and osteoporosis. Treatment with Prolia strengthens bones and makes them less likely to fracture.

Indications for Prolia
Prolia treats postmenopausal osteoporosis in women who are at increased risk of bone fractures. The qualifying criteria for taking Prolia include:

• A long history of osteoporotic fracture or risk factors for fracture.

• Patients who have not tolerated or cannot tolerate other osteoporosis treatments.

Contraindications for Prolia
Do not take Prolia if your doctor has told you that your blood calcium levels are very low.

How does Prolia work?
The active ingredient in Prolia – denosumab – is a monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies are designed to recognize and bind to a specific compound in the body. Denosumab is designed to bind to an antigen called RANKL, which activates osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are cells in the body that break down bone tissue. Therefore, by binding to and inhibiting RANKL, denosumab reduces the formation and activation of osteoclasts. This process reduces the likelihood of bone loss, strengthens bones, and makes them less likely to fracture.

How do I use Prolia?
Prolia is available as pre-filled syringes, each containing 60 mg, given once every 6 months by subcutaneous injection. The best injection sites are the upper thighs and abdomen. You should take calcium and vitamin D supplements while on Prolia therapy.

What are the most important side effects to know about Prolia?

• 1. Low blood calcium levels: Prolia may cause low blood calcium levels. If you have low blood calcium before starting Prolia, your condition may worsen during treatment. Low blood calcium should be corrected before starting Prolia.

• 2. Serious infections: Serious skin, intestinal, bladder, or ear infections may occur when using Prolia.

• 3. Skin problems: You may experience skin problems such as dermatitis, rash, or eczema when taking Prolia.

• 4. Severe jaw problems: You may experience severe jaw problems when taking Prolia.

• Risk of infection: This medication may make your body less able to fight infections.