Spinal stenosis refers to narrowing within the spinal canal and occurs primarily due to a combination of aging and degenerative changes in the spine. Wear and tear on spinal components can cause intervertebral discs to bulge, spinal ligaments to thicken, and nearby facet joints to enlarge, which may occupy space within the spinal canal and compress the spinal nerves.
What is meant by spinal stenosis?
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing in one or more areas of the spine. This narrowing, which typically occurs in the lumbar vertebrae, can compress the spinal cord or the nerves branching from the compressed areas.
Who is most at risk for spinal stenosis?
This condition is more common in men and women over the age of fifty. However, younger people can also develop it if they are born with a narrow spinal canal or suffer from a spinal injury.
What causes spinal stenosis?
Spinal stenosis often affects older people due to years of spinal wear and tear. Changes include thickening of ligaments, bone spurs, enlarged joints, and bulging discs.
What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?
Symptoms may include pain, numbness, or cramping in the legs, with or without back pain. Leg weakness may occur, and rarely, bowel and/or bladder problems. Symptoms usually worsen with prolonged standing or walking. Leaning forward or sitting may increase the space within the spinal canal and may reduce or completely eliminate pain.
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
Your doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical examination. X-rays may be ordered, which may show evidence of disc space narrowing and/or thickening of the facet joints. MRI can be obtained for a more detailed evaluation of the spinal structure.
